Classification of pumps are divided into 2 major categories: Dynamic and Positive Displacement. Detail the following are some of the pumps on the capt
Classification of pumps
are a mechanical device used to transfer different fluids from one position to another. It is a hydraulic device that lifts a fluid from a low to a high level and moves it from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area. Pumps transfer fluids by converting the mechanical energy of the fluid into pressure energy (hydraulic energy). Classification of pumps are divided into 2 major categories: Dynamic and Positive Displacement (aka Displacement). Detail the following are some of the pumps on the caption.
1. Pump types
Pumps can be classified on various bases. For example, a typical classification of rotating shaft (kinetic) pumps is given in Appendix. Classification of pumps based on their principle of operation are primarily classified into:
- Positive displacement pumps (reciprocating, rotary pumps)
- Roto-dynamic pumps (centrifugal pumps)
- Others
Positive displacement pumps
Positive displacement pumps, which lift a given volume for each cycle of operation, can be divided into two main classes, reciprocating and rotary. Reciprocating pumps include piston, plunger, and diaphragm types. The rotary pumps include gear, lobe, screw, vane, regenerative (peripheral), and progressive cavity pumps.
Roto-dynamic pumps
Roto-dynamic pumps raise the pressure of the liquid by first imparting velocity energy to it and then converting this to pressure energy. These are also called centrifugal pumps. Centrifugal pumps include radial, axial, and mixed flow units. A radial flow pump is commonly referred to as a straight centrifugal pump; the most common type is the volute pump. Fluid enters the pump through the eye of impeller, which rotates at high speed. The fluid is accelerated radially outward from the pump casing. A partial vacuum is created that continuously draws more fluid into the pump if properly primed. In the axial flow centrifugal pumps, the rotor is a propeller. Fluid flows parallel to the axis of the shaft. The mixed flow, the direction of liquid from the impeller acts as an in-between that of the radial and axial flow pumps.
Other types
The other types include electromagnetic pumps, jet pumps, gas lift pumps, and hydraulic ram pumps
